
Brush-hogging is basically attaching a gigantic mower blade to the back of a tractor and using it to cut brush — grass, shrubs, small trees — down in fields. We do this every 1-3 years in the fields on our property otherwise they would fill in and no longer be fields. We hire someone to do this. We don’t have a tractor. 
We do this only at the end of summer (no earlier than the end of August, usually later in September) after the birds are mostly done with the fields. Cutting earlier might yield useable hay but would slaughter young ground-nesting birds and we’re trying to optimise for wildlife conservation. 
Freshly-cut fields look pretty good.